This one has some substance in it:
http://www.ukcia.org/research/Geopolitics/asia.php
1998 seizures of opium dropped to 5 metric tons compared to 8.5 tons in 1997, while heroin fell from 5 tons to 3 tons, and hashish from 115 tons to 65 tons. The levels during the first 11 months of 1999 remain more or less on a par with 1998, including seizures of 10 tons of opium, 3.5 tons of heroin, and 60.5 tons of hashish....It is also notable that the offensives launched in Kashmir by Islamic groups supported by the Pakistani military are on each occasion preceded by intense activity by armed groups of Pashtun and Baluch irregulars along the Afghan and Iranian borders, and in particular in the villages of Dalbandeen, Rabat, Qila, Nushki, Nokundi, Saindak, and Chatt. Added to this is the fact that Saudi Arabians are building a veritable chain of mosques and Koran schools in this region whose exteriors resemble fortresses more than religious establishments. It was precisely in this region that the ANF seized 25.427 tons of drugs between January 1999 and March 2000, including 16.320 tons of hashish, 7.630 tons of opium, and 1.417 tons of heroin....The Return of Haji Ayub Afridi
The saga of Haji Ayub Afridi is a good illustration of the troubling links between traffickers and politicians in Pakistan, as well as the shady deals made by the United States with both sides. One of Pakistan's most important traffickers, Haji Ayub Afridi, returned to Pakistan on August 25, 1999 after serving a three and a half year sentence in a U.S. prison and paying a $50,000 dollar fine. From his refuge in Kabul and with an Afghan passport, Afridi voluntarily traveled to Dubai, from where he boarded a cargo flight to the U.S. in December 1995 after "negotiating" with American authorities. Hardly had his feet touched Pakistani soil when the ANF arrested him and detained him at first in a secret location for six weeks. He is today imprisoned in Karachi and awaiting trial for the export of 6.5 tons of hashish seized at Antwerp, Belgium, in the 1980s. Even those close to him do not hide the fact that he also became an important heroin trafficker during the war in Afghanistan.
Haji Ayub owns a palace reminiscent of A Thousand and One Nights in Landi Kotal, part of the Khyber tribal agency not far from the Afghan border. A warrant for police to bring Haji Ayub before the court was first issued in 1983 following the discovery of 17 tons of hashish in a warehouse in Baluchistan. Three years later he was the subject of a wanted notice issued after a smuggler arrested in Belgium denounced him as his supplier. At the time he was under the protection of authorities in the tribal agency, which in theory he could not leave. The military coup against Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto on August 6, 1990 allowed him to be one of eight deputies elected to Parliament from the tribal agencies (FATA) and to consequently benefit from parliamentary immunity. He ran under the ticket of the Islamic Democratic Alliance, the coalition of the new Prime Minister, Nawaz Sharif. On May 16, 1992 he was even part of a delegation of 60 Pakistani tribal chiefs which traveled to Afghanistan to mediate between antagonists there.
But sensing that the military was not going to tolerate for long the corruption and chaos which characterized Nawar Sharif's first government, the barons of the tribal zones, including Haji Ayub, switched their support to the opposition headed by Benazir Bhutto, and participated in the manoeuvres which allowed the Pakistani President, Ishaq Khan, to dismiss Prime Minister Nawar Sharif on April 18,1993. This favor earned him a new immunity. However, his candidacy in the following elections was rejected and he was forced to go into hiding, dividing his time between Pakistan's tribal areas, Afghanistan, and the United Arab Emirates. He was approached by the Americans (with Benazir Bhutto herself acting as intermediary), who allegedly promised him a lenient sentence most likely in recognition of "services" he provided during the war in Afghanistan. In the end he accepted to go to the United States.
Numerous observers believe that Haji Ayub's arrest reveals ulterior motives on the part of Nawaz Sharif. The move violates international norms according to which a person should not be judged twice for the same crime. But these observers suggest that Nawaz Sharif may hope to use Haji Ayub's testimony to implicate Benazir Bhutto's husband, Asif Ali Zardari, imprisoned on corruption charges since October 1996, and Rehmat Shah Afridi, director of the Frontier Post, a newspaper favorable to the opposition, who was arrested in April 1999. Arrest warrants were issued for Haji Ayub and a half-dozen members of his family in July 1995 by a special court in Peshawar, which also called for the seizure of Haji Ayub's assets, estimated at $2.7 million. The case has dragged out in the courts aver since, which observers attribute mainly to the resources at the defendants' disposal. Some think the charges may one day be dismissed by the statute of limitations.
Posted 1 year ago on 25 Jun 2010 9:07
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